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Start Art 8 50 www.painters-online.co.uk Tertiary colours Tertiary colours are created by mixing a primary colour with the colour next to it on the colour wheel. For instance, mixing red and violet produces red- violet. Mixing blue with green makes blue-green, and mixing yellow with orange gives you yellow-orange. Complementary colours Any two colours opposite each other on the colour wheel are called complementary colours. Red and green, for example, are complements. The painting of a parrot here is an example of a complementary colour scheme used in a painting.The red and green contrast beautifully, each colour making the other one really stand out. Other colour terms to know You’ll find familiarity with the following colour terms to be helpful as you discuss your work with others. Hue Hue simply means the name of a colour. Red, blue and yellow are all hues. Intensity Intensity means how bright or dull a colour is. Cadmium yellow, for instance, is bright and high-intensity. Mixing cadmium yellow with its complement, violet, creates a low-intensity version of yellow. Temperature Colours are either warm or cool.Warm colours are red, yellow and orange or any combination of those.When used in a painting, warm colours seem to come forward. Cool colors are blue, green and violet and all of their combinations. In a painting, cool colours will seem to recede. Often there are warm and cool versions of the same hue. For instance, I use cadmium red and alizarin crimson. While both are in the red family, cadmium red is warm, with an orangey look, and alizarin crimson is cooler, because it leans toward the violet family. Value Value means the lightness or darkness of a colour. Lightening a colour, either with white or by diluting it with water, produces a tint. Deepening a colour by mixing it with a darker colour produces a shade. Using tints and shades together creates value contrast. The colour wheel The colour wheel is a valuable tool for learning colour theory. Red, yellow and blue are the primary colours; orange, green and violet are the secondaries. The rest are called tertiaries. START-UP KIT Below is a list of essentials you should have on hand to get you started on the painting projects. Happy painting! Paints: Prussian blue, ivory black, titanium white, burnt umber, cadmium yellow medium, cadmium red light, cadmium red medium, alizarin crimson, dioxazine purple Palette: A plastic palette with a lid is best. Brushes: ¾-inch (19mm) filbert, No. 3 filbert, No. 4 filbert, No. 6 filbert, No. 8 filbert, No. 3/0 liner, No. 2 liner, No. 1 liner, No. 2/0 liner, No. 2/0 round, No. 3/0 round, No. 1 round, No. 2 round, No. 4 round, No. 6 round, 3 ⁄ 4 -inch (19 mm) sable or synthetic flat, 1-inch (25 mm) flat, No. 2 flat bristle, No. 6 flat, No. 4 flat, hake Surfaces: Pre-stretched canvases, canvas panels and/or canvas sheets (size is listed with still life demonstration, but you can adjust to any size you wish.) Other materials: Cloth rags, wet wipes, cans or jars, spray bottle of water, palette knife, masking or drafting tape, mechanical pencil with 2B lead, ruler, kneaded eraser Yellow Yellow green Green Blue green Blue Blue-violet Violet Red-violet Red Red-orange Orange Yellow orange UNDERSTANDING COLOUR The colour wheel The colour wheel is an essential tool for understanding and mixing colour. Having one handy can help you pick out colour schemes and see how different colours affect one another. For colour mixing practice, create a colour wheel of your own with the paints on your palette. Here are the basic colour relationships to know: Primary colours The primary colours are red, yellow and blue.They are also called the true colours.All other colours are created from these three. Look at the colour wheel and see how they form a triangle if you connect them with a line. Secondary colours Each secondary colour is created by mixing two primaries together. Blue and yellow make green; red and blue make violet; and red and yellow make orange.