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38 Spring 2023 INSURANCE INSIGHTS O ften used in power tools, portable equipment and plant machinery, lithium-ion batteries, also known as Li-ion, can pose a serious safety risk if not stored, maintained and disposed of properly and with caution. There is a difference between lithium and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium batteries are generally single use whereas lithium-ion batteries can be recharged and have a higher energy output. Often lithium-ion batteries do not have to be removed from the device it charges. Many personal electronic items which enter the workplace will contain lithium-ion batteries such as laptops, phones and cameras. RISKS OF FIRE Firstly, why are they used if there is a risk of fire? Lithium-ion batteries are compact and lightweight, hold considerable energy for their size and perform well despite being regularly re- charged and discharged. The risks of fires are generally caused by defective batteries, incorrect chargers and items being left on charge for too long. Third- party batteries which can be bought cheaply on the internet – and don’t always meet safety standards – are also to blame. Storage of batteries can be a concern and should, wherever possible, be kept to a minimum number and kept in a fire-resistant container. HOW TO REDUCE FIRE RISK Always follow the battery fire safety advice when charging your equipment: • Avoid storing, using, or charging lithium-ion batteries at very high or low temperatures. • Don’t leave items continuously on charge after the charge cycle is complete, e.g., don’t leave your tools or equipment plugged in overnight. • Never cover chargers or charging devices. • When in transit, avoid keeping items containing lithium-ion batteries together. • Don’t overload your sockets. • Stop using both the charge and battery if either rises more than 10ºC on a regular charge • Avoid storing devices in places with high temperatures, such as a warm vehicle or a even a warm pocket. TELL TALE SIGNS OF BAD BATTERIES Warning signs that a lithium-ion battery pack or cell is likely to fail include the battery appearing to bulge or swell. Other signs may be that it is discharging too fast and/or the battery is hot to touch. ELECTRIC VEHICLES RISK OF FIRE Electric vehicles in the workplace are also subject to the same sorts of risk. Because of the risks, electric vehicles should be charged away from buildings and have a good separation between them - generally two metres, to reduce the risks of fire spread. If an electric vehicle is involved in an impact, it is important that it is taken to a garage that is capable and proficient in dealing with cars with electric batteries, either fully EV or hybrid. The vehicle will need to be stored outside and away from other vehicles until the stability of the battery is confirmed. The fire risk of lithium-ion batteries continues to raise concern amongst health and safety specialists and insurers. LITHIUM ION BATTERIES: PROTECTING YOUR BUSINESS